"Achievement creates anxiety. Intimacy leads to fear. Happiness produces uneasiness. Pleasure causes pain. The solution to this dilemma: what feels good has to be stopped. I call this an addiction to misery." Katherine's fascination and perspective book provides immediate assistance to those people who think they might be making choices that keep them at a "carefully calibrated level of existence--beneath bliss and above despair."

*Available for delivery late February 2004. Reserve yours today!

from Chapter 1
Can This Book Really Help?

Carrie left me a message. ôIÆm scared. My new office was finished yesterday, so I moved into it today. ItÆs really beautiful, with a view of the shipsÆ canal. My new boss likes me a lot. This morning she asked me to join some of the managers at an informal dinner at her home tonight. I accepted and got directions.

ôI hadnÆt eaten breakfast and then I worked through lunch. After work, I went into the ladiesÆ room and looked at myself and I thought, How could anyone believe in me? IÆm gross looking. My clothes are all wrong.

ôSo I putzed around, arranging my office, and lost track of the time and left fifteen minutes late. And then I got stuck behind a school bus. So I got to her place thirty minutes late. And then I saw the house she lives in. ItÆs huge. ItÆs elegant. What was I doing there?

ôAnd all the cars were there already. Nobody was still arriving. I sat outside for an hour and I couldnÆt make myself go in. So I finally just left. I went to a restaurant and ate about three meals. Then I came home.

ôIÆm not good enough for this kind of job. I was afraid I would do some stupid thing if I went inside and that everyone would hate me. And that sheÆd think she made a big mistake hiring me.ö

I closed my eyes as I heard this because I could see the series of actions and nonactions that became a cascade of self-sabotage for Carrie. I could tell she wasnÆt seeing how her failure to show up would come across to her boss. In the state she was in, she couldnÆt imagine what would be happening inside the houseùher boss and the managers waiting for her, delaying dinner, wondering and worrying, then waiting for an explanatory phone call. SheÆd gotten lost in a tunnel in her head and saw everything from inside out.

At first it seemed to me that the triggerùthe first event that started her slideùwas seeing herself in the ladiesÆ room mirror. But her anxiety had been brewing before that. Her fancy new office scared her. Her bossÆs appreciation scared her. Even her own thoughts scared herùwhat if she couldnÆt measure up? The invitation to be a member of the inner circle may have been the final straw.

So much bounty so soon in her new job led her to fear that she might not rise to othersÆ expectations. This fear caused her to see herself as unattractive when she looked in the mirror.

Carrie had already put herself in danger of not thinking clearly by skipping breakfast and lunch. Then she made a series of decisionsùor, rather, failed to make decisionsùthat could have led to a better outcome. She putzed instead of thinking about how to get ready, didnÆt set an alarm in order to get out of the office on time, and didnÆt call a therapy group member to get help with her anxiety and decisions. By not acting in an effective way, she allowed the internal avalanche to build.

By the time she was sitting outside her bossÆs elegant home, she was in too deep. She had been swallowed by her anxiety and couldnÆt think clearly enough to figure out how to ring the doorbell and go inside. Her world had gotten very small; at that moment it consisted entirely of her fears and that big, imposing house. Eventually I realized that I had my eye on the wrong thing too. I wanted Carrie to keep that job and the support of her boss. I wanted her to succeed in her profession and have enough money to allay her financial worries. I wanted very much for her to not rack up another failure. I wanted her to be happy.
Many years of being a therapist had honed my ability to work effectively with people. But in CarrieÆs case I was operating under a wrong assumption. I believed she wanted to be happy.

I was missing the paradox. For some people, happiness is upsetting. For them, every joy must be equalized by a setback. Too much success must be balanced by failure.

Comfort in Misery
We are creatures of survival. We were biologically designed, engineered, and programmed to survive, more or less, at all costs. Yet survival can carry many faces. If, for whatever reason, misery seems necessary for our survival, weÆll choose misery.
Simplified, the logic goes like this:

Something good happened to me¦I was happy¦Then this horrible thing followed or came from the same place or person that made me happy¦I was nearly crushed by my grief. This means that happiness leads to crushing grief¦Therefore, if I avoid happiness, IÆll protect myself from grief.

Different people might substitute other words for happy, such as safe, joyful, free, or honored. Or they might use other words for grief, such as fear, disappointment, shame, or disaster. For example, I felt so special as they sang ôHappy Birthdayö to me. Then my father slapped me out of the chair, and I nearly died from shame. So if I can avoid being honored, IÆll protect myself from shame.

In all of these cases, the internal logic is the same: people try to protect themselves against feeling bad by not feeling too good.

Triggered by Joy
A triggering event is one that sets off an inevitable chain reaction. To trigger all the dominoes to fall, tip the first domino. To trigger yeast to grow, add water and sugar.

Abstinent, recovering food addicts can get triggered by one cookie. It may take an hour or a week for the relapse to take hold, but the trigger is the first bite. From then on, for most sugar addicts, the slide into relapse is inevitable.

For some of us, happiness itself can be a trigger, a trigger that makes a slide into misery equally inevitable. In CarrieÆs case, she was triggered by a symbol of success, her bossÆs appreciation and an invitation into the inner circle. These were positive, exciting possibilities, and Carrie recognized them as such. But that recognition caused a surge of anxiety for Carrie, and she ended up handling that anxiety by behaving in a way that made her unhappyùand made others unhappy with her.

Ensuring Misery
On the surface, BrianÆs pattern seemed quite different. Though he hated hospitals, he worked as an orderly. He had a quick wit and an intelligent mind but stopped attending his advanced training program at the community college even though the course was interesting, his instructor was good, and the program could have led to a better job with more money.

He lived in a dank, bare studio apartment that he hadnÆt made comfortable. He dated women he did not love or even like. Nothing in life entranced him. He plodded from requirement to requirement without being engaged.

He seemed to have an instinct for making choices that would keep him at that same dutiful, empty level of existence. If he needed to turn left to take the only available parking space, heÆd turn right.

When a coworker lovingly teased him, Brian took offense and chewed her out so harshly that the coworker, who had been taking some first steps toward an offer of friendship, decided not to pursue it.

Brian was so afraid of happiness that he made sure he was always miserable.

Brian and Carrie lead very different lives. BrianÆs life is colorless and dark. Carrie is successful, and she has reason to be happy. But both keep making choices that maintain them at a carefully calibrated level of existenceùbeneath bliss and above despair.

A Larger Addiction
Sugar made Stephanie fearful and listless. If she took a bite of a doughnut or two swigs of cola, within forty-eight hours she would be eating sugary foods addictively. Her whole focus would switch to her next biteùwhere, when, and how sheÆd get a new stash of sugar and eat it. She would be distracted from work and her relationships.

When she abstained from sugar, Stephanie was clearheaded, made positive choices, and felt good. All aspects of her life improved.

Through concentrated attention and effort, she stayed abstinent from sugar for seven months. Then she sent me an e-mail: ôI lost my abstinence.ö

My heart groaned. I knew what would happen next. She was headed for a downhill slide in which she would binge on sugar more and more and feel ever worse about herself. Her abstinence had been hard-won. It would not be easily regained.
Was she just a typical addict, I wondered, with the typical propensity for relapse? Or was something larger going on?

Among addicts of any stripeùalcoholics, drug addicts, food addicts, compulsive workersùsome achieve a level of recovery in which their lives gradually improve and become more fulfilling. And there are others who relapse again and again.

In some cases, the addiction has too firm a hold. The addict seemingly cannot become reconciled to a life without his addiction.
But thereÆs another category of people who relapse. These are the people who are triggered by recovery itself. They are also the people who we helping professionals have failed to help.

Recovery brings clarity, friendships, and joy. It draws people into union with life. Serendipity shows up, again and again.
For some addicts, this is too much of a good thing.

Why? Because a bigger addiction, a more powerful and more subtle addiction, is pulling the stringsùan addiction to misery.
ItÆs a subtle addiction that has many faces, but the common thread is this: when things go too well or the person feels too good, she sabotages herself in order to return to the more comfortable or familiar state of misery, unhappiness, or grayness. In some cases, the mere possibility that things might go well or that good feelings might arise is enough to trigger behavior that brings back the misery.

Brian nips joy in the bud. Carrie hacks at it after itÆs been growing a while. Stephanie lets her food addiction pull her back under. The experiences of these three people look different, but the bottom line is the same. Not one of them realizes that they are sabotaging themselves. They donÆt wake up in the morning, stretch, and say, ôLife is getting too wonderful. I think IÆll spoil it today.ö

Instead, at some point they cross a critical line that causes anxiety or fear or unease to build. This transition is difficult for them (and, usually, anyone else) to notice. But once that line is crossed, they move into behavior that attempts to discharge the anxiety.

Yet, because they are focused on getting rid of their painful feelings, they donÆt perceive the other consequences of their behavior. The good things or feelings that were present become altered as a result. And with the removal of those good things, their anxiety diminishes. Even if the loss of what was good is upsetting, that condition is more bearable than their former anxiety.
For some of us, feeling too good for too long (or even feeling good at all) is scary. Achievement creates anxiety. Intimacy leads to fear. Happiness produces discomfort. Pleasure causes pain. The solution to this dilemma: what feels good has to be stopped.
I call this an addiction to misery. For some people, it might be more appropriate to talk about an addiction to victimization, or unhappiness, or failure, or being failed by others.

This book provides an introduction to this problem and a practical program for climbing out of it.

How This Book Can Help

This book is for people who suspect they suffer from an addiction to misery but donÆt know how they got there or what to do about it.

ItÆs also for the families and loved ones of these people, who have been puzzled by the destructive choices theyÆve watched their friends, partners, or family members make.

An addiction to misery is a particularly pernicious and difficult problem because it operates behind the scenes like a puppeteer behind a curtain. It can manifest in so many guises that the larger pattern can be easy to miss. Maybe you have read books on codependency or related recovery issues, yet you didnÆt find solutions for yourself. This could be the reason: a larger, hidden issue was actually going on that was influencing you.

It is not unsolvable. The program in this book offers a path to emancipation and a way to expose and neutralize the configuration of events that imprinted the problem in the first place.

IÆve watched and exulted as my own clients have used this program to protect or improve their jobs, restore their health, find intimacy, and collapse in unfettered, uproarious laughter and delight.

This is a book of solutions and of hope. ItÆs a way to empower yourself to step beyond the invisible web that has held you captive. ItÆs a doorway into a fuller existence.

Welcome.

¬2004. All rights reserved. Reprinted from When Misery Is Company by Anne Katherine. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the written permission of the publisher. Publisher: Hazelden, Center City, MN 55012-0176.